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Findings
- Go to finding 1自付医疗支出在2013年至2016年间有所增长, 但在税后收入中所占的比例相对稳定.
- Go to finding 2自费医疗支出的经济负担对老年人来说是最高的, lower-income, 女性账户持有人和低收入账户持有人在2016年有所增加.
- Go to finding 3Doctor, dental, and hospital payments accounted for more than half of observed healthcare spending. 牙医和医院的支付不太常见，但数额较大.
- Go to finding 4Out-of-pocket healthcare spending was highly concentrated among a few families—often the same families year-over-year. The top 10 percent spent 9 percent of their take-home income on out-of-pocket healthcare expenses.
- Go to finding 5Families made larger healthcare payments in the months and the years when they had a higher ability to pay. 牙科和住院费用的增加是医疗保健支出增加的主要原因.
- Go to finding 6There was dramatic variation in out-of-pocket healthcare spending across and within our 23 states. 科罗拉多州的家庭在医疗保健上花费最多, 而路易斯安那州的家庭在医疗保健上的支出占总收入的比例最高.
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September 2017
家庭的医疗费用正在上升. In 2015, 美国将国内生产总值(GDP)的18%用于医疗保健, up from 13 percent in 2000. 花在医疗保健上的每一美元, 家庭自付11美分，扣除保险费用后为28美分. While the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services projects health spending to continue to grow faster than GDP through 2025, the future of family-paid healthcare costs also rests with policy choices currently being debated. 自付费用是其中的一个关键部分.
The JPMorgan Chase Institute set out to better understand out-of-pocket healthcare spending among US households. Building off a sample of 2.2013年至2016年期间，有300万名年龄在18岁至64岁之间的大通核心客户, we created the JPMorgan Chase Institute Healthcare Out-of-pocket Spending Panel (JPMCI HOSP). We explored the levels, concentration, and growth of out-of-pocket healthcare spending and the implications of these spending trends for overall household financial health. The JPMCI HOSP provides a first-ever look into out-of-pocket healthcare spending for households on a month-to-month basis, at the state, metro, and county level, and as recent as 2016. In this report, we describe the creation of, and initial insights gleaned from, this new data asset.
Finding One: 自付医疗支出在2013年至2016年间有所增长, 但在税后收入中所占的比例相对稳定.
Families spent on average $714 or 1.2016年，他们实得收入的6%用于自付医疗费用. 自付医疗费用以年均4%的速度增长.3 percent.
Finding Three: Doctor, dental, and hospital payments accounted for more than half of observed healthcare spending. 牙医和医院的支付不太常见，但数额较大.
Finding Four: Out-of-pocket healthcare spending was highly concentrated among a few families—often the same families year-over-year. The top 10 percent spent 9 percent of their take-home income on out-of-pocket healthcare expenses.
Finding Five: Families made larger healthcare payments in the months and the years when they had a higher ability to pay. 牙科和住院费用的增加是医疗保健支出增加的主要原因.
Finding Six: There was dramatic variation in out-of-pocket healthcare spending across and within our 23 states. 科罗拉多州的家庭在医疗保健上花费最多, 而路易斯安那州的家庭在医疗保健上的支出占总收入的比例最高.
Conclusion
The JPMorgan Chase Institute Healthcare Out-of-pocket Spending Panel (JPMCI HOSP) offers several key insights as we evaluate proposed changes to our healthcare policies. First, 自付医疗费用占家庭总收入的比例稳定, 但对某些家庭来说，这是经济压力的来源. Healthcare reform should take into consideration the impact on households who are more financially burdened by healthcare expenses—specifically older, low-income, and female account holders. Second, healthcare spending may be large, unexpected, 并集中在家庭有较高支付能力的月份和年份. As such, consumers would benefit from more transparent pricing and payment options to better manage healthcare expenses. Third, cost containment measures, including value-based care, 能对家庭负担的费用产生有意义的影响吗, 不仅仅是保险公司和医疗保健提供商. Finally, wide variation in levels and burden of healthcare spending across geographies underscores the importance of healthcare as a state and local policy issue.
1.Source of uninsurance rate data: 登记美国非老年人未参保估计数(2013-2016)
2.Average estimated annual gross income reflects the annual pre-tax estimate of family income for each account holder ascertained by JPMorgan Chase using individual, third-party, and zip code-level data.
